Prevalence of Adenomyosis in Patients Hysterectomized for Other Benign Uterine Pathology in the General Hospital of Cancun in the Year 2021 - 2023
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Abstract
Introduction: Adenomyosis is a benign pathology of the uterus characterized by the infiltration of endometrial tissue into the myometrium, resulting in symptoms such as dysmenorrhea, abnormal uterine bleeding and chronic pelvic pain. Its diagnosis remains a challenge due to the reliance on post-hysterectomy histopathological analysis and the limited accuracy of imaging methods. This study aims to determine the prevalence of adenomyosis in patients undergoing hysterectomy for benign pathologies of the uterus at the General Hospital of Cancun during the period 2021-2023.
Material and Methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in which 114 patients who underwent hysterectomy for benign pathologies of the uterus were analyzed. Sociodemographic data, type of pathology and histopathologic diagnosis of adenomyosis were collected. Frequencies and percentages were calculated for prevalence, and chi-square and Student's t-tests were applied to evaluate associations between variables. Results: The prevalence of adenomyosis was 21.9% in the population studied. No significant differences were found between the presence of adenomyosis and the baseline benign pathology (p > 0.05). The mean age of patients with adenomyosis was 44.64 years, with no significant differences with the group without diagnosis of adenomyosis (p = 0.48). Logistic regression showed no significant associations between age or benign pathology with the diagnosis of adenomyosis.
Conclusion: Adenomyosis is a frequent entity in patients hysterectomized for benign pathologies of the uterus. Although the definitive diagnosis remains dependent on histopathologic study, these findings underscore the importance of considering this pathology in the preoperative evaluation. Limitations of the study include the low number of cases in 2021 due to the pandemic and the lack of complete information in some clinical records. Prospective studies with more accurate preoperative diagnostic methods are required to improve detection and management of this disease.
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