Carbapenem Resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa: A Multicenter Study on Prevalence, Distribution, and Risk Factors across Six Health Facilities in Yaoundé, Cameroon

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Published: Mar 7, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmscrs/v5-i03-06
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Keywords: Distribution, Susceptibility, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, carbapenems, carbapenemase, Extended spectrum beta lactamase.

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Georgette Njila KAMENI
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon. & Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon.
Emilia Lyonga Mbamyah
Department of Microbiology, Parasitology, Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon. & Centre for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon.
Esther Del Florence Moni Ndedi
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon.
Ines Dalia Nganou Kamgang
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon. & Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon.
George Mondinde Ikomey
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon. &  Centre for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon.
Yengo Clauvis Kunkeng
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon.
Martha Tongo Mesembe
Centre for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon.
Neline Yameni Elimbi
Centre for Health Promotion and Research, Cameroon.
Mary Ngongang Kameni
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon.
Jean Bosco Taya Fokou
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon. & Department of Microbiology, Parasitology, Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon.
Justice Ohene Amofa
Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Ghana.
Albert Noubissi Toyim
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon.
Maximilienne Ascension Nyegue
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon.

Abstract

Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a significant public health threat, especially in low and middle-income countries. These strains are known to cause outbreaks, and their isolation continues to increase, further limiting therapeutic options. In Cameroon, however, there is limited data on the resistance profiles of circulating Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, distribution and susceptibility profile of Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from six health facilities in Yaoundé, Cameroon. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted over nine months (November 2023–July 2024). Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from clinical specimens were collected and re-identified. After culturing on cetrimide and nutrient agar, biochemical identification was done using the API 2ONE system. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed to assess resistance to carbapenems and other antibiotics. Carbapenemase and extended-spectrum Beta-lactamases production in Carbapenem resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa was detected using the Carbapenem inhibition and combined disc methods. Of the 217 isolates, 125 (representing 57.6%) were confirmed as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with 31.2% (39/125) resistant to carbapenems. Among these, 48.7% (19/39) were resistant to imipenem, and 51.3% (20/39) were resistant to meropenem. Carbapenemase production was observed in 46.2% (18/39), while coproduction of carbapenemase and extended-spectrum Beta-lactamases was observed in 28.20% (11/39).  High resistance was also seen to cephalosporins (54.4%) and penicillin (59.2%). A majority of Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates had a multiple antibiotic resistance index ≥ 0.2. This study underscores the growing public health concern posed by Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas strains. Enhanced surveillance is crucial to curb the dissemination and spread of these strains.

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How to Cite
KAMENI, G. N., Lyonga Mbamyah, E., Moni Ndedi , E. D. F. ., Nganou Kamgang, I. D., Mondinde Ikomey, G., Yengo Kunkeng, C., Tongo Mesembe, M. . ., Elimbi, N. Y., Kameni, M. N. ., Taya Fokou, J. B. ., Ohene Amofa, J., Noubissi Toyim , A. ., & Ascension Nyegue, M. . (2025). Carbapenem Resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa: A Multicenter Study on Prevalence, Distribution, and Risk Factors across Six Health Facilities in Yaoundé, Cameroon. International Journal of Medical Science and Clinical Research Studies, 5(3), 439–451. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmscrs/v5-i03-06
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Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): Volume 05 Issue 03 March 2025
Section
Articles
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Author Biography

Neline Yameni Elimbi, Centre for Health Promotion and Research, Cameroon.

Laboratory Technician

Centre for Health Promotion and Research, Cameroon.

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